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Sympathetic trunks

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The right sympathetic chain and its connections with the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic plexuses. |- style="text-align: center;" class="hiddenStructure" | colspan="2" |

|- style="text-align: center; line-height: 1;" class="hiddenStructure" | colspan="2" |Dissection of side wall of pelvis showing sacral and pudendal plexuses. (Sympathetic trunk labeled at upper right.) |- class="hiddenStructure" |Latin |colspan="2"|truncus sympathicus |- class="hiddenStructure" | |colspan="2"|[subject #214 ] |- class="hiddenStructure" |Innervates |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |From |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |To |colspan="2"| |- class="hiddenStructure" |MeSH |colspan="2"|[] |- class="hiddenStructure" |Dorlands/Elsevier |colspan="2"|[t_20/12826120] |} The sympathetic trunks (sympathetic chain, paravertebral ganglia, gangliated cord) extend from the base of the skull to the coccyx.

The cephalic end of each is continued upward through the carotid canal into the skull, and forms a plexus on the internal carotid artery; the caudal ends of the trunks converge and end in a single ganglion, the ganglion impar, placed in front of the coccyx.

The ganglia of each trunk are distinguished as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral and, except in the neck, they closely correspond in number to the vertebræ.

They are arranged thus:

  • Cervical portion: 3 ganglia
  • Thoracic portion: 12 ganglia
  • Lumbar portion: 4 ganglia
  • Sacral portion: 4 or 5 ganglia

External links

Nerve: Sympathetic trunks
Major nerves (also see Peripheral nervous system)
Cranial nerves: I olfactory | II optic | III oculomotor | IV trochlear | V trigeminal | V1 ophthalmic (lacrimal, frontal, supratrochlear, supraorbital, nasociliary, ciliary ganglion) | V2 maxillary (sphenopalatine ganglion) | V3 mandibular (buccal - auriculotemporal - lingual - inferior alveolar - otic ganglion) | VI abducens | VII facial (chorda tympani, nervus intermedius) | VIII vestibulocochlear (cochlear, vestibular) | IX glossopharyngeal | X vagus (recurrent laryngeal, Alderman's nerve) | XI accessory | XII hypoglossal

Posterior spinal nerves: greater occipital

C1-C4 - Cervical plexus: lesser occipital | greater auricular | lesser auricular | phrenic | ansa cervicalis

C5-C8, T1 - Brachial plexus: supraclavicular branches (dorsal scapular, suprascapular, long thoracic) | lateral cord (musculocutaneous, lateral antibrachial cutaneous, lateral head of median nerve) | medial cord (ulnar, medial head of median nerve, medial antibrachial cutaneous, medial brachial cutaneous) | posterior cord (axillary, radial)

T2-T11: intercostal

T12, L1-L5 - Lumbar plexus: iliohypogastric | ilioinguinal | genitofemoral | lateral femoral cutaneous | femoral | obturator

S1-S4 - Sacral plexus: gluteal | posterior femoral cutaneous | tibial | sciatic | sural | common peroneal

S2-S5 - Pudendal plexus: perforating cutaneous | pudendal | visceral | muscular | anococcygeal

 


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