Thérouanne
Encyclopedia : T : TH : THR : Thérouanne
| '''Thérouanne View of the village of Thérouanne, south of the former town''' | |
|---|---|
| Country | |
| Région | Nord-Pas-de-Calais |
| Départment | Pas-de-Calais |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Omer |
| Canton | Aire-sur-la-Lys |
| INSEE | 62811 |
| Postal Code | 62129 |
| Mayor Current Term | Alain Chevalier 2001-2008 |
| Intercommunality | |
| Longitude | 02° 15' 35'' |
| Latitude | 50° 38' 15'' |
| Altitudes | average : 38 m minimum : 31 m maximum : 116 m |
| Area | 8.37 km² |
| Population without double-counting | 1,063 inhab. (1999) |
| Population Density | 127 inhab./km² |
Thérouanne is a commune of northern France.
History
At the time of the Gauls, Tarwanna was the capital of the Belgian tribe of the Morins. After the Romans conquered Gaul, they too made the city the capital of the Civitas Morinorum district.In the 7th century, probably around 639, Saint-Omer (Audomar) established the bishopric of Terwaan or Terenburg, which controlled during the Middle Ages a large part of the left bank of the river Scheldt. Territorially it was part of the county of Artois which belonged to the county of Flanders.
Thanks to that ecclesiastical control of some of the most prosperous cities north of the Alps, like Arras and Ypres, the bishopric was able to build a cathedral which was at the time the largest in France.
In 1553 Charles V sieged Thérouanne, then a French enclave in the Holy Roman Empire, in revenge for a defeat by the French at Metz. After he captured the city he ordered it to be razed to the ground, the roads to be broken up, and the area to be ploughed and salted. Only a small commune which lied outside the city walls, then named Saint-Martin-Outre-Eaux, was left standing, and has later (probably around 1800) taken over the name Thérouanne. Part of the portal of the cathedral was acquired by Saint-Omer; a colossal statue of Christ is all that is left of it these days.
The disappearance of the former bishopric led to a reform of bishopric seats at the Council of Trent; the bishopric of Thérouanne was split in those of Saint-Omer and Ypres.
Bishops
- Hunfrid of Prüm (d.871)
- A certain Adam, seated 1213–1229[link]
- Avignon Pope Clement VII, seated 1361–1368
- John, Cardinal of Lorraine (d.1550)
Miscellaneous
Therouanne is twinned with Hamstreet in Kent (England).External links and references
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