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The Matrix Revolutions

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The Matrix Revolutions is the third film in the Matrix trilogy. The film, a combination of philosophy and action like its predecessors, sought to conclude the questions raised in the previous film, The Matrix Reloaded.

Background

The film was written and directed by the Wachowski brothers. It was released simultaneously in sixty countries on November 5, 2003. This was the first time a Hollywood film opened in India at the same time as the rest of the world. [link] It was also the first live-action film to be released simultaneously in regular and IMAX theaters.

The Wachowski brothers were present in Tokyo at the opening of the movie, as were stars Keanu Reeves and Jada Pinkett Smith. In Moscow, the film's premiere was accompanied by a demonstration organized by the youth wing of the Russian Communist Party who welcomed the film as an allegory for Communism. [link]

The Matrix Revolutions ultimately grossed $140 million at the US box office altogether and $456 million worldwide. This is roughly half of The Matrix Reloaded box-office total. The Matrix Revolutions did extremely well in DVD and VHS rentals and sales when it was released in April of 2004.

Plot

The film's events immediately follow those of The Matrix Reloaded and assume familiarity with the story of the last two films.

The revelation has been made that the prophecy (Neo will set humanity free) was simply another 'system of control' designed by the machines. With Neo having rejected the system of recycling the systematic errors of the Matrix program (Neo's intended function), Agent Smith is left free to destroy the Matrix and soon the Source/Machine City itself, while the pending invasion of Zion means that all life - both human and machine - is facing extinction.

Having no more 'use/purpose' as it were, Neo must now grapple with what he can do to change things not as a messiah, but as a man.

Bane and Neo are both comatose. Morpheus is now depressed and dispirited after the destruction of the Nebuchadnezzar and after discovering the true nature of the Prophecy at the end of the last film. He starts a search for Neo, who he believes could be present in the Matrix while not being "jacked in". Neo is in fact trapped in limbo: a subway station named "Mobil Avenue" that is a transition zone between the Matrix and the Source. At the station, Neo meets a 'family' of programs, who tell him that Mobil Avenue is controlled by the Trainman, a program who is in turn loyal only to the Merovingian.

Seraph contacts Morpheus on behalf of the Oracle, now resident in a different "shell" (in reality, actress Gloria Foster, who played the Oracle in the first two films, died before the completion of the third and was replaced by actress Mary Alice). The Oracle informs Morpheus and Trinity of Neo's captivity. Seraph, Morpheus and Trinity pursue the Trainman, but he evades them. The trio enters Club Hel to confront the Merovingian in an effort to secure Neo's release. After the Merovingian demands "the eyes of the Oracle" in exchange for Neo's release, Trinity provokes a Mexican standoff, forcing the Merovingian to release Neo.

Troubled by new visions of the Machine City, Neo decides to visit the Oracle before returning to the real world. As he enters the Oracle expresses that she had hoped that the batch of cookies that she was baking had been finished before Neo arrived, perhaps a hint that with her metamorphosis she can no longer predict the future as easily. She informs him that as the One, his abilities are actually rooted in a connection with the Source, and because the Matrix is derived from the Source, he has power outside the Matrix too. This is how Neo was able to stop the machines attacking his ship in Matrix Reloaded. She characterizes Agent Smith, also growing in power, as his exact opposite, his negative and elaborates on the relationship between herself and the Architect (Tellingly, each of them ejects an exasperated "Please!" when Neo asks them about the other). She also tells Neo cryptically that "everything that has a beginning has an end", and warns that Smith's power threatens not only the Matrix but the Source, and eventually the Machine City. The Oracle states that the war is about to end "one way or the other".

Zion defends itself from the machine invasion.
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Zion defends itself from the machine invasion.

After Neo takes leave of the Oracle, an army of Smiths arrive, who successfully assimilates the unresisting Oracle, giving Smith her powers of precognition.

In the real world, meanwhile, the remaining crew of the Nebuchadnezzar and the Mjolnir (referred to by the characters as "the Hammer") encounter Niobe's ship, the Logos, and its crew. They successfully reactivate the deactivated ship and begin to interrogate the now awakened Bane, who claims he has no memory of the events of the earlier battle.

After contemplating his visions, Neo announces that he needs a ship to travel to the Machine City, although he cannot explain why at the moment. Roland, the Mjolnir's captain, refuses him, but Niobe who was told by the oracle that she'd have to make a choice helping Neo or not, lets him take the Logos. Trinity decides to accompany Neo.

The two remaining crews plan to return to Zion and avoid the Sentinel army by piloting the Mjolnir through a series of service tunnels through which it is nearly impossible to navigate. Shortly after departing, the Mjolnir's crew discover that Bane has murdered a crewmember and has hidden aboard the Logos, but they are unable to return to warn Trinity and Neo.

Before Neo and Trinity can depart, Bane ambushes Trinity and takes her hostage. Neo fights with Bane, who reveals himself as a manifestation of Agent Smith. During the struggle, Bane/Smith blinds Neo by cauterizing his eyes with high voltage electrical wires. As Bane/Smith appears to have the upper hand he closes in on Neo - only to have his attack thwarted and reversed. In spite of his injury, Neo can see Smith - his connection with the Source manifesting in his recognition of Smith's program inside of Bane. Neo then kills Bane/Smith and releases Trinity, who pilots them towards the Machine City (presumably 01 described in The Second Renaissance).

In Zion, the defenders deploy infantry armed with rocket launchers and Armored Personnel Units in order to protect the dock from assault. The dock is invaded by a massive horde of Sentinels, as well as two giant drilling machines. Meanwhile, the Mjolnir speeds toward Zion, pursued by a large number of sentinels. Just as the remaining humans are about to be overwhelmed, the Mjolnir arrives at Zion and breaks through the gates, setting off an EMP and disabling all electronic equipment in the area. While this finishes off the Sentinels, it also disables the remainder of Zion's defenses. The humans are forced to fall back to the temple entrance and wait for the next swarm that will almost certainly kill them all.

Nearing the Machine City, Neo and Trinity are attacked by the city's defense system, hurling massive numbers of mobile bombs and Sentinels at the Logos. Neo uses his powers to destroy the incoming bombs, but the Sentinels are too numerous. To evade them, Trinity flies the ship above the permanent electrical storm/cloud cover, disabling the Sentinels but also the Logos' engines. After a brief glimpse of sunlight, the ship plunges into a spire of the Machine City. The impact of the collision fatally wounds Trinity.

Neo prepares to confront Smith.
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Neo prepares to confront Smith.

Neo emerges into the Machine City to strike a bargain with the machines, personified by the Deus Ex Machina. Neo warns the machines that Smith (who has by now assimilated almost all major parts of The Matrix) is beyond the machines' control, and will soon assault the Source to which the Matrix is connected. He offers to stop Smith in exchange for a ceasefire on Zion. The second wave of Sentinels attacking Zion instantly responds by standing down while the Machines provide a connection for Neo to jack into the Matrix and confront Smith.

The city's population of Smiths stands by and watches while Neo and Smith square off. Smith explains that, possessing the Oracle's foresight, he already knows the outcome of the battle and is certain of Neo's defeat. After an extended fight scene, a defeated Neo allows Smith to assimilate him, but not before repeating Smith's favorite refrain to him: "It was inevitable." By assimilating Neo, however, Smith himself is destroyed. (For main theories as to how and why Smith is defeated, please see the Interpretations section.)

The Smiths are deleted, all programs that have been possessed by Smith return to normal, including the Oracle. The Sentinels that were about to attack the humans withdraw from Zion; the human resistance cheers in victory, while Niobe and Morpheus share a moment of intimate happiness together. Neo, having sacrificed himself to save both the Machines and humans, is unplugged from the Matrix, and his body is respectfully carried away by the Machines.

Smith emerges victorious.
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Smith emerges victorious.

The Architect then appears and tells the Oracle that it was dangerous of her to play the system at its own game. The Oracle responds by saying that she has done it for the sake of change, and asks the Architect what will now become of any humans who want to be unplugged from the Matrix. The Architect replies that they shall be freed as such. The Prophecy is finally fulfilled; the human race is finally free as the war between humans and machines is over, and the Matrix is 'destroyed' (its existence for the purpose of enslaving humanity is no more). The closing shot of the film depicts a new dawn on the world of the Matrix, signifying a new beginning (if you notice throughout all three films, every shot of a scene inside the Matrix has a bit of green tinting, symbolizing that it is in a computer program; but in this last scene, that green tint is gone).

Interpretations

The true nature of Neo and Smith, as well as what happens to them at the end of this film, is under debate and this may only be truly resolved if explained in future Matrix productions.

Smith may be the result of Neo's choice to not return to the Source. In Reloaded, the Oracle states that Neo has already made a choice, and that his actions were not him trying to make a choice but him trying to understand the choice. As a result, he may have already made the choice to not return to the Source, even if he did not understand this choice, as a result, the dual nature of the Matrix would have to create an opposite and equal for the One; As the Oracle is to the Architect, and Zion is to the Matrix, Smith is to Neo. Where Neo obtains his powers from choice (specifically the choice to reject the Matrix as real, resulting in him being able to see and alter its basic code), Smith becomes more powerful by assimilating people, thus taking away their choice. As a result, Neo and Smith must oppose each other, Neo's choice to reject the Matrix and not be controlled by it clashing with Smith's need to control everyone. Therefore, as Smith attempts to assimilate Neo and Neo attempts to reject him, their fighting will continue to destroy the Matrix, both 'physically' and thought it's very code, as they knock each other through walls or manipulate the code to allow them to bend or break the rules of the Matrix. As Neo can rewrite the Matrix as he sees fit, and he and Smith are both equal, the fighting will not end until the Matrix destroys itself. However, Neo's ability to make choices can result in a victory for him, for if he chooses to lose, Smith will then be unequal in the Matrix, and therefore cannot exist. Whether his destruction is caused by the same anomaly that created the One or by will of the machines using Neo as a link between them and Smith is not clear, but by either result both Smith and Neo are removed from the Matrix, resulting in a stable balance. Futhermore, the Architect's decision to allow freedom within the Matrix, those who accept it live in it, those who don't can leave if they choose, means that the function of the One is obsolete, as everyone has the power to choose their own fate. Essentially, the One's purpose is now obsolete and the code he carries within him is no longer needed.#redirect

Popular theories collected from online forums [link] [link] include the following:

Smith's final deletion.
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Smith's final deletion.

Several additional variations of the above themes have surfaced, but by definition fan-sourced explanations are subjective. Various forums have sprung up to explore these ideas in more depth.

The Oracle's mysterious words in the final scene ("I suspect we'll see [Neo] again, someday...") leave the ending open. They could imply that Neo somehow survived Smith's destruction; or that he was reborn in the Matrix, either as a human being or perhaps as another program. If so, and if the "light/darkness" theory of Neo and Smith holds true, then Smith may still exist as well.

At the end of Matrix Revolutions, Neo is seen as an orange colour within the Matrix code, similar to when Neo saw Seraph in the Teahouse in Matrix Reloaded. Some fans have suggested that this implies that Seraph was 'the One' in a previous version of the Matrix. During their conversation the Architect tells Neo that "the function of the One is now to return to the Source, allowing a temporary dissemination of the code you carry, reinserting the prime program. After which, you will be required to select from the Matrix 23 individuals - 16 females, 7 males - to rebuild Zion". In this case Seraph, if he was previously the One, may have also chosen the path Neo did, resulting in a "cataclysmic system crash" in his own version of the Matrix. This could explain why so many versions of the Matrix were developed: because of the choice the One eventually made. The Architect's comment that "there are levels of survival we are prepared to accept" suggests that this has previously happened before and that the Architect fully accepts that it will probably happen again. Other details contradict this theory, however. The Architect's comment is made in response to Neo's saying that the machines cannot let the entire human race be destroyed, as the Architect has suggested will happen if Neo doesn't choose to cooperate. Thus, the "levels of survival" could refer to what the machines would have to settle for without humans as an energy source. In that case, Neo's predecessors could not have made the same choice; and indeed, the Architect says they were different from him in having a profound attachment to the entire human species, whereas Neo is also specifically in love with Trinity and will attempt to save her regardless of all else. Additionally, when Neo suggests Seraph is a program like the Oracle is, she says nothing to indicate the idea is incorrect.

This is also reference earlier in the storyline, when the Oracle speaks of renegade programs which resemble ghosts, vampires, werewolves, and angels. The Oracle indicates that these programs have come under the Merovingian's protection and control. When Seraph approaches the Merovingian guards in the Matrix Revolutions, the guard on the right mutters "wingless" referring to Seraph. It can be interepreted that Seraph is an Angel; a remnant of a previous Matrix, a guardian similar to the Agents. This is further supported when Seraph claims he has beaten Smith before. The name Seraph is also the singular form of Seraphim, a type of angel.

Philosophy and religion

The Matrix Trilogy includes many philosophical, religious, mythological and literary allegories.

Nietzsche

Neo is referred to once in The Matrix Reloaded as "doing his Superman thing". As well as being a direct reference to the famed comic book superhero, it has also been suggested that this is also a reference to the Nietszchean Übermensch, or Overman, who is an entity that has transcended the realms of existing constructs and is 'above the herd'.

Moreover, Smith becomes obsessed with finding his purpose and decides that the purpose of life is for life to end. Smith thus becomes the embodiment of "the will to the end" or the nihilistic will that Nietzsche discusses. This seems unmistakable, and yet, if the case, would give Neo's role quite the opposite meaning of the One often assumed. The force of nihilistic will, as Nietzsche conceived of it, was embodied by such movements as Christianity and Buddhism.

Hinduism

The trilogy includes many references to Hindu philosophy, in particular, the concepts of maya and karma. The issues of free will and determinism are raised. Reflecting this, the lyrics of the closing music are based on Sanskrit slokas. There are many parallels drawn between the hindu trinity and the three most powerful technological entities in the series: The Architect (Brahma), The Oracle (Shiva), and The Source (Vishnu). Also many scenes present Neo as an incarnation of Vishnu, particularly the 6th and 7th incarnations.

Christianity

Religious and Philosophical allegories, commentaries and criticisms are in abundance within the trilogy.
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Religious and Philosophical allegories, commentaries and criticisms are in abundance within the trilogy.

The trilogy includes references to the Christian religion, particularly the concept of a Messiah giving up his own life for the sake of humanity. The allusion is unmistakable, as Neo gives his life in a cruciform position with arms spread out, resembling the common image of Christ on the cross. The ambiguity of the exact mechanism of humanity's salvation is also present in Christianity: there are several accepted descriptions of salvation (atonement) within the Christian tradition. The events and characters in the movies seem to correlate especially with the Christus Victor theory. Reference is also later made by the Oracle concerning Neo's return from the dead. Comparisons can also be seen between Smith and Lucifer in Milton's Paradise Lost. In both works an agent of 'God' rebels and is punished by being separated from their creator. Both chose to become rulers of their prisons (Lucifer-hell and Smith-Matrix) and become bent on destroying mankind. Also in both the Matrix Trilogy and Paradise Regained, the devil figure is defeated by the self sacrifice of a messiah figure. In addition, the Deus Ex Machina speaks the words "it is done". In the Holy Bible, Jesus says "it is finished" or "it is done" (depending on translation) as he dies.

Also the use of names in the film:

Literary

A very hardcore cyberpunk/science-fiction concept is that of a floating consciousness within the flow of digital information. Similar consciousnesses are seen in William Gibson's Neuromancer as well as in The Wired in Serial Experiments Lain, the idea is also touched on in Arthur C. Clarke's and its sequels. It can be theorized Neo and Smith have become a joined floating consciousness within The Source, and might make his presence within The Matrix known again as directly implied by the Oracle at the very end of the film. It has also been noted that many of the basic plot elements of the movie coincide with the plot elements of Frank Herbert's Dune Messiah.

Buddhism

There is a blatant Buddhist reference in the form of a clearly visible lotus flower as Neo's body is being carted away by the machines (in the glowing orange "Source" vision). This implies Neo's achievement of nirvana. Although some see it in a shape of a cross.

Arthurian Legend

Neo, like King Arthur, is a messianic hero, destined to save their people (either of England or of Zion) and capable of feats no other can do [sic] for example, where Neo flies, Arthur pulls the sword from the stone. Smith is a reference to Arthur's bastard child, Mordred, who eventually kills his own father and dies while doing so. Neo's death battle with Smith and his funeral barge are reminiscent of how Arthur, after dying in battle with Mordred, was carted away to Avalon by angels to heal until England had need of him again; the Oracle's prophetic words at the end of Revolutions provides an eerie resemblance to Neo's regeneration.

Reception

Positive reviews generally focused on the strength of the movie's action sequences and special effects [link] [link]. Some considered it "a better movie" than The Matrix Reloaded [link], which some said "raises the bar a notch or two" since the original movie, The Matrix [link].

Negative reviews considered the film to be anticlimactic [link] [link] and self-indulgent [link]. Nevertheless, critics regard the movie as less philosophically obtuse than its predecessor [link] [link], Reloaded. Many critics - and presumably also members of the public - had difficulty finding closure pertaining to events from Reloaded, and were generally dissatisfied[link][link]. Its earnings dropped over 70% in its second week, perhaps owing to the non-mainstream nature of the film and subsequent lack of satisfaction from the general moviegoing audience.

It has been claimed by critics who liked the movie, however, that the poor reviews were due to critiquing the movie as an individual and not as a part of the whole trilogy, or that the movie was too intellectual, a problem many classics faced at their premieres.

As evidenced in the video The Roots of the Matrix, many scholars and philosophers received the films in high praise of its conceptual complexity. Philosopher Ken Wilber stated that the The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions had expanded on the "simple dualism" of the first film - The Matrix - and had thus transformed the trilogy into a piece of "complex literature" with the second two installments of the trilogy. Conversely, many fans and scholars felt that the philosophy descended into a more generic pop-philosophy, and they lamented the loss of the dualistic realities of the Matrix and the "real" world. Since the movie takes place almost solely in Zion, the more complex philosophical themes that could have arisen from the Matrix world were largely abandoned.

Regardless, the trilogy of movies has received the recognition of scholars, cyberpunk and science fiction enthusiasts, philosophy enthusiasts, workers in the artificial intelligence community, and general fans and film fans alike. Many are interested in discovering what they believe to be the hidden meanings embedded within the content of three "complex" films that have been recognized to use their scenario to raise questions considered to be of great relevance to modern and post-modern society. #redirect

Soundtrack

In contrast to the movie's predecessors, very few "source" tracks are used in the movie. Aside from Don Davis' score, again collaborating with Juno Reactor, only one external track (by Pale 3) is used.

Although Davis rarely focuses on strong melodies, familiar leitmotifs from earlier in the series reappear. For example, Neo and Trinity's love theme- which briefly surfaces in the two preceding movies- is finally fully expanded into Trinity Definitely; the theme from the Zion docks in Reloaded returns as Men in Metal, and the energetic drumming from the Reloaded teahouse fight between Neo and Seraph opens Tetsujin, as Seraph, Trinity and Morpheus fight off Club Hel's three doormen.

The climactic battle theme, named Neodämmerung (in reference to Wagner's Götterdämmerung), features a choir singing extracts (shlokas) from the Upanishads. Some viewers consider the occurrence of the Sanskrit prayer in the closing titles of the movie an apt conclusion to the philosophical theme portrayed throughout the trilogy. The chorus can be roughly be translated from Sanskrit as follows: "lead us from untruth to truth, lead us from darkness to light, lead us from death to immortality, peace peace peace". The extracts were brought to Davis by the Wachowski brothers when he informed them that it would be wasteful for such a large choir to be singing simple "ooh's" and "aah's". These extracts return in the denouement of the movie, and in Navras, the track which plays over the closing credits (which may be considered a loose remix of Neodämmerung).

Trivia

The Matrix series
Films The Matrix  | The Matrix Reloaded  | The Matrix Revolutions
The Animatrix Final Flight of the Osiris | The Second Renaissance | Kid's Story | Program | World Record | Beyond | A Detective Story | Matriculated
Soundtracks | |
| |
Games Enter the Matrix | The Matrix Online |
Characters Neo | Trinity | Morpheus | Smith | Agents | Oracle | Architect | Niobe | Merovingian | Seraph | Minor human characters | Programs and machines
Locations The Matrix | Mega City | Club Hel | Mobil Ave | Zero One (Machine City) | Zion | List of ships in the Matrix series
Cast and crew Wachowski brothers | Keanu Reeves | Laurence Fishburne | Carrie-Anne Moss | Hugo Weaving | Jada Pinkett Smith | Owen Paterson | John Gaeta | Geof Darrow | Steve Skroce
Other topics Matrix digital rain | The Matrix character names | The Matrix Revisited | The Ultimate Matrix Collection
Related topics Bullet time | Cyberpunk | Digitalism | Martial arts film | Messiahs in fiction | Virtual reality
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