Tie (draw)
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To tie or draw is to finish a competition with identical or inconclusive results.
In some sports and games, ties are possible.
- American football: Tie games, which were commonplace through the 1960s, have become exceedingly rare with the introduction of sudden death overtime. As of the late 2005 season, nearly three seasons had passed since the last NFL tie occurred.
- * In the National Football League, an additional period is played, and the game ends when one side scores by any method. In the regular season, if the score remains even at the end of one extra period, the game is declared a tie; in the playoffs, the game continues until a winner is determined.
- * Ties were once possible in college football, but in the 1990s an overtime procedure was introduced to make this no longer a possibility.
- * The unpopularity of ties in American sports is reflected in the common saying, "A tie is like kissing your sister." The earliest known use of the phrase was by Navy football coach Eddie Erdelatz after a scoreless tie against Duke in 1953American Dialect Society listserv message, Nov. 26, 2002, http://listserv.linguistlist.org/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0211d&L=ads-l&D=0&P=7866.
- Australian rules football: Draws in Australian rules football occur at an average of twice every season. If a draw occurs during the standard time of the season, the game is over and is added to the "draw" column on the ladder. If a draw occurs during the finals (including the Grand Final), the drawn teams contest each other again the following weekend. Scores may even end up as follows: Team A - 11.6.72; Team B - 9.18.72. Even though Team B kicked less goals (9 worth 6 points) than Team A, they still kicked many more behinds (18 worth 1 point) than Team A.
- Baseball: Ties are relatively rare in baseball, since the practice dating back to the earliest days of the game is to play extra innings until one side has the lead after an equal number of innings played. In North American Major League Baseball, a game may end in a tie only due to weather or darkness (although darkness is virtually impossible now that all Major League parks have floodlights). A tie game is not counted as played in the official standings unless it is completed or entirely replayed at a later date. In Japan, a game tied after nine innings may continue for up to three extra innings, after which the game is called a tie if the score is still even. The 2002 All-star Game (see Major League Baseball, All-star game) was declared a tie after eleven innings, due to a lack of pitchers.
- Basketball: Ties are very rare in basketball due to the high-scoring nature of the game: if the score is tied at the end of regulation, the rules provide that as many extra periods as necessary will be played until one side has a higher score. However, on rare occasions time or other circumstances have not allowed a game to be completed to a decision, and a tie has been declared.
- Boxing: When a match ends with completion of the specified maximum number of rounds, and the judges of the match have awarded an equal amount of points to both contestants, the match is declared a draw. Draws are relatively rare in boxing: certain scoring systems make it impossible for a judge to award equal points for a match. If a championship bout ends in a draw, the champion usually retains the title.
- Chess: Main article: draw (chess)
A stalemate is one game situation by which a game can end in a draw; draws can also be the result of an agreement between the players, the fifty move rule, threefold repetition, or neither player having sufficient material to checkmate (such as King versus King and one Bishop or Knight).
- Cricket: Cricket makes a clear distinction between a tie and a draw, which are two different possible results of a game.
- *A tie is the identical result that occurs when each team has scored the same number of runs after their allotted innings. This is very rare in Test cricket and has happened only twice in its long history, but they are slightly more commonplace in limited-overs matches.
- *A draw is the inconclusive result that occurs when the allotted playing time for the game expires without the teams having completed their innings. This is relatively common, occurring in 20-30% of Test matches. Limited-overs matches cannot be drawn, although they can end with a no result if abandoned because of weather or other factors.
- Football (soccer): If both sides have scored an equal number of goals within regulation time (usually 90 minutes), the game is usually counted as a draw. In elimination games, where a winner must be determined to progress to the next stage of the tournament, two periods of extra time are played. If the score remains even after this time, the match technically remains a draw; however, a penalty shootout (officially called "kicks from the penalty mark") is used to determine which team is to progress to the next stage of the tournament.
- In two-legged matches in which a winner must be determined, extra time is not necessarily employed. If the match is level on aggregate goals at the end of the second leg, some governing bodies apply the away goals rule to determine a winner. Extra time is only played if away goals do not produce a winner. All UEFA (European) club competitions use away goals; by contrast, CONMEBOL (South America) competitions did not use this rule until 2005.
- Ice hockey: If the score is even after three periods, the game may end in a tie, or overtime may be played. In the National Hockey League, the regular-season tie-breaker is five minutes long, with each side playing one man short. A goal wins the game in sudden death; otherwise, a shootout will occur, with three players participating for each side. If the score is still tied, the shootout will go into sudden death.
- Tournament Poker: Ties rarely occur, since multiple simultaneous player eliminations will rank the eliminated players by chip counts. However, if two or more players are eliminated in one hand, and both players started the hand with identical chip counts, the players will be tied in official rankings. It is impossible for poker tournaments to end in a tie (since one player must end up with all the chips), though multiple players may be tied for second place.
- Horse racing: A dead heat is a tie between two or, rarely, more horses in a race. Usually, a photo finish can determine the winner, but at times it is too close to call. If there is a dead heat, wagers are paid on all winning horses. See List of dead heat horse races.
- Rugby Union: Ties are uncommon in rugby union due to the variety of different ways to score and different values for each type of score. Ties are allowed to stand in league play. In the knockout stages of the Rugby Union World Cup, two 15 minute periods of extra time are played. If there is still no winner, a 15 minute period of sudden death is played where any score wins the game. Should the result still be tied a drop goal competion is held where 5 players from each side take one drop kick each from different spots on the 22 meter line. No match has ever proceeded past the 30 minute period of overtime.
Resolving tied or drawn matches
In general, there are several methods of determining a winner which are commonly used across various sports:- Some other measure may be used, such as aggregate point difference.
- A game may continue on in extra time. In order to ensure a quick result, some form of sudden death rule may apply.
- In some sports, a penalty shootout may occur.
Notes
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