Timeline of Korean history
Encyclopedia : T : TI : TIM : Timeline of Korean history
This is a timeline of Korean history. Dates prior to the 6th century CE are subject to dispute.
Contents
Stone age
- 700th millennium BCE: First confirmed presence of hominids on the Korean peninsula.
- 8th millennium BCE: Appearance of Pit-Comb Ware culture on the peninsula.
- 35th century BCE: Beginning of Jeulmun pottery period.
Early history
- 1500 BCE: Beginning of Mumun pottery period.
- 1000 BCE: Beginning of Liaoning bronze dagger culture.
- 2nd century BCE: Approximate date of the founding of Goguryeo and Buyeo states and the Samhan confederacies.
- 108 BCE: Han Dynasty Chinese forces invade Korea, toppling Gojoseon and establishing several commanderies in the northern part of the peninsula.
Three Kingdoms
See also: Proto-Three Kingdoms of Korea, Three Kingdoms of Korea
- 57 BCE: Traditional date for the founding of Silla by Bak Hyeokgeose.
- 8: Baekje annexes much of the Mahan confederacy.
- 42: Founding of the Gaya confederacy.
- 313: The Lelang commandery falls to Goguryeo.
- 369: Baekje completes absorption of the Mahan confederacy.
- 371: Baekje invades Goguryeo, kills Goguryeo king.
- 384: Buddhism introduced to Baekje.
- 392: Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo begins his reign, expanding Goguryeo into a major regional power.
- 433: Baekje and Silla form an alliance against Goguryeo's aggression.
- 522: Silla begins absorption of Gaya.
- 527: Silla is the last Korean state to formally adopt Buddhism as the state religion. Nahm 1996, p. 561
- 553: Silla attacks Baekje, breaking the alliance.
- 562: Silla completes annexation of Gaya.
- 598: First of a series of major Sui attacks in the Goguryeo-Sui Wars, which ends in 614 in a costly defeat for Sui.
- 660: Baekje falls to combined Silla and Tang forces.
- 668: Goguryeo falls to combined Silla and Tang forces.
Unified Silla and Balhae
- 676: Silla repels Chinese alliance forces from Korean peninsula, completes unification of much of the Three Kingdoms.
- 698: Former Goguryeo general Dae Joyeong repels Chinese forces from remainder of former Goguryeo territory, founding Balhae as a successor state.
- 828: Jang Bogo establishes Cheonghaejin, a major center of trade with China and Japan.
- 892: Silla begins to lose control of parts of the peninsula as the brief Later Three Kingdoms period begins.
- 935: Silla formally surrenders to Goryeo.
Goryeo
- 936: Goryeo completes the reunification of the Later Three Kingdoms, absorbing the remainder of Hubaekje and parts of Balhae territory.
- 956: King Gwangjong forces major land and slavery reforms, and in 958 implements civil service examinations.
- 993: The first of three Goryeo-Khitan Wars.
- 1010: The Second Goryeo-Khitan War ravage the northern border. The Third follows in 1018.
- 1033: Goryeo builds the Cheonri Jangseong, a massive wall running along the northern border.
- 1145: Kim Bu-sik compiles the Samguk Sagi, Korea's oldest extant history text.
- 1170: A violent coup results in a military junta effectively controlling the Goryeo court for the next 88 years.
- 1231: The Mongol invasions of Korea begin.
- 1234: Choi Yun-eui's Sangjeong Gogeum Yemun is published, the first metal-block printed text in the world.
- 1251: Goryeo completes the Tripitaka Koreana, the most comprehensive and oldest intact version of the Buddhist canon in Chinese script.
- 1270: Goryeo surrenders to the Mongols, beginning an 80-year period of suzerainty. The Sambyeolcho Rebellion lasts for three more years.
- 1285: Il-yeon's Samguk Yusa, record of history and legends.
- 1388: General Yi Seonggye, ordered to engage China in a border dispute, turns his troops against the Goryeo court.
Joseon
- 1392: Yi Seonggye is crowned king, officially beginning the Joseon Dynasty.
- 1446: The hangul alphabet, created 3 years earlier, is promulgated by King Sejong the Great.
- 1592: The Seven Year War begins, a series of invasions by Japanese forces under the command of Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
- 1627: The first Manchu invasion takes place.
- 1636: The second Manchu invasion takes place.
Korean Empire
- 1871: The Sinmiyangyo incident takes place between Korean forces and an American vessel.
- 1876: Korea's ports are formally opened under the Treaty of Ganghwa.
Japanese rule
- 1910: Korea is annexed by Japan, beginning the period of Japanese rule.
- 1919: The nonviolent March 1st movement breaks out, and is crushed by military and police forces.
Divided Korea
- 1945: After the surrender of Japan, the Korean peninsula is divided between Soviet and American forces at the 38th parallel.
- 1948: Independent regimes are established in North and South Korea, led respectively by Kim Il Sung and Syngman Rhee.
- 1950: The Korean War breaks out.
- 1953: The Korean War is temporarily halted, in a ceasefire that has remained in force until now.
- 1960: The April Revolution overthrows the autocratic First Republic of South Korea; Syngman Rhee goes into exile.
- 1962: Military forces overthrow the democratic Second Republic of South Korea.
- 1972: The first Red Cross talks between North and South Korea are held.
- 1979: President Park Chung Hee is assassinated by his intelligence chief.
- 1980: The Gwangju massacre takes place.
- 1988: Democratic elections usher in the Sixth Republic of South Korea.
- 1994: Kim Jong-il takes control of North Korea upon the death of his father Kim Il Sung.
- 2000: The first summit between North and South Korean leaders is held, with Kim Dae Jung representing the south and Kim Chong Il the north.
Notes
See also
External links
- [Timeline of Korean history]
- [Timeline of 20th-century Korean history]
- [Comparative China-Korea-Japan arts timeline]
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