Treaty of Berwick
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The Treaty of Berwick was an agreement of amity made on July 6, 1586 between Queen Elizabeth I of England and King James VI of Scotland.
Represented by Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland (for the English) and Francis Stewart, soon to be Earl of Bothwell (for the Scots), the two countries signed a mutual defensive alliance pact to guarantee aid should an invasion of either homeland, take place. The two largely Protestant countries were threatened from abroad by the Catholic powers, Spain and France.
Some believe Elizabeth only entered into the agreement to soften the blow of her next political move - the execution of James' mother, Mary Queen of Scots. For James, his motivation was the chance of succeeding to the English throne upon Elizabeth's death. A part of the agreement ensured James would receive an annual pension of £4,000 from the English state, which led many to assume Elizabeth already considered James as an heir to her throne. James would succeed to the English throne in 1603.
References
[BBC - History - Treaty of Berwick 1586]See also
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