Turnover

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• The turnover pastry
• Several meanings in economics:
• *In the economy of the United States, turnover in a financial context refers to the rate at which a provider of goods cycles through its average inventory. The number of times within its business cycle that a company completely exhausts (and replenishes) its inventory is called its turnover. Auditors will frequenlty use a company's turnover ratio (turnover = cost of goods sold/average inventory level) to compare it to other companies in its industry.
• *In the economy of the United States, turnover in a human resources context refers to the characteristic of a given company or industry, relative to rate at which an employer gains and loses staff.
• *In the economy of Europe, turnover usually means revenue, while inventory turnover is called inventory turnover and staff turnover is called staff turnover.
• In demographics, population turnover measures gross moves in relation to the size of the population and is related to population mobility.
• In cellular biology, the turnover of certain biomolecules or cells is the rate at which they are lost and/or regenerated through cell division.
• In limnology, turnover refers to the mixing of upper layers of lake water with lower levels, which usually occurs in the fall; a lack of mixing is a result of temperature gradient that cause density differences
• In team sports, turnover means that the possession of the ball is "turned over" to the other team.
• *In American football, a turnover occurs when the offense loses possession of the football because of a fumble or interception.
• *In basketball, a turnover occurs when a player from one team gives possession to a member of another team by losing the ball. See basketball turnover.

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