Zaporizhzhia
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- For other uses, see Zaporizhzhia (disambiguation)}}}.
Zaporizhzhia (Ukrainian: Запоріжжя, Russian: , translit. Zaporozh'ye) is a city in south-central Ukraine, which rests on the banks of the Dnieper river. It is the administrative center of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast (province), as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Zaporizky Raion (district) within the oblast. The city itself is also designated as its own separate raion within the oblast, and is located approximately 70 km from the city of Dnipropetrovsk.
Zaporizhzhia was formerly referred to as Aleksandrovsk Russian: , after the commander of the first Russian Army, Prince Alexander Golitsyn, but was renamed in 1921 to Zaporizhzhia. It is currently the sixth largest city in the Ukraine and has a current estimated population of 900,000 (as of 2004).
Zaporizhzhia is an important industrial center of Ukraine, particularly a home for:
- famous hydroelectric power plant known as "DnieproGES";
- ZAZ, the country's main car manufacturing company;
- Motor-Sich design-bureau and production company, the world-famous aircraft engine manufacturer.
History
Archaeological finds in the area suggest that the Scythian nomads were living here about 2 to 3 thousand years ago. In XV-XVII centuries this place was famous of cossac's fortress Zaporizka Sich. In 1770, Russian govenment established new fortress at the Dnieper River, named Aleksandrovsk. Until the beginning of the 20th century Aleksandrovsk was a small town. The city was named Aleksandrovsk until 1921 when the city's name was changed to Zaporizhzhia. During and after the World War II years, the city was the location of prisoner-of-war camps.
The city's Khortytsia Island which faces modern Zaporizhia across the Dnieper River, was one of the historic locations for the Zaporizhian Sich - the main fortress capital of the Cossack state (the Zaporozhian Host) and the Cossack Hetmanate republic.
Economy and transport
Industry
After the end of the Russian Revolution, the city became an important industrial center. The presence of cheap labor and the proximity of deposits of coal, iron ore, and manganese created favorable conditions for large-scale enterprises of the iron and mechanical engineering industry. Today Zaporizhzhia is an important industrial centre of the region with heavy industry (particularly metallurgy), aluminium, and chemical industry. In the city cars, avio motors, radioelectronics are manufactured. The port of Zaporizhzhia is an important place of transshipment for goods from the Donbass.Electricity generation
Zaporizhzhia also has a big electricity generating complex fueled by industial demand. The biggest nuclear power plant in Europe, the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant, as well as the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station are located near the city, in addition to fossil fuel power plants.Transport
Public transport is providede by buses, tramway, river transport, and railway. The city's sole airport operates both domestic and international flight.
Sister cities
Zaporizhzhia is currently twinned with:- Oberhausen, Germany; since 1986
- Linz, Austria; since 1983
External links
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| Subdivisions of Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine |
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| Raions: |
Berdiansk City |
Berdiansky Raion |
Chernihivsky Raion |
Enerhodar City |
Huliaipilsky Raion |
Kamyansko-Dniprovsky Raion |
Kuibyshevsky Raion |
Melitopol City |
Melitopolsky Raion |
Mykhailivsky Raion |
Novomykolaivsky Raion |
Orikhivsky Raion |
Polohivsky Raion |
Pryazovsky Raion |
Prymorsky Raion |
Rozivsky Raion |
Tokmak City |
Tokmatsky Raion |
Vasylivsky Raion |
Velykobilozersky Raion |
Veselivsky Raion |
Vilniansky Raion |
Zaporizhzhia City |
Zaporizky Raion
| ||
| Cities: |
Berdiansk |
Dniprorudne |
Enerhodar |
Huliaipole |
Kamyanka-Dniprovska |
Melitopol |
Molochansk |
Orikhiv |
Polohy |
Prymorsk |
Tokmak |
Vasylivka |
Vilniansk |
Zaporizhzhia
| ||
| Towns: |
Chernihivka |
Kuibysheve |
Mykhailivka |
Novomykolaivka |
Pryazovske |
Rozivka |
Vesele
| ||
| Villages: | Velyka Bilozerka | ||
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