Zulu language/Swadesh list
Encyclopedia : Z : ZU : ZUL : Zulu language/Swadesh list
Swadesh list of 207 words in English and Zulu (to be completed).
Presentation
- For further information, read the article: Swadesh list
- a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
- a reduced 100 words version.
List
| No. | English | Zulu isiZulu |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | ngi- |
| 2 | you (singular) | u- |
| 3 | he | u- |
| 4 | we | si- |
| 5 | you (plural) | ni- |
| 6 | they | ba- |
| 7 | this | lo, leli, lesi, le, lolu, lobu, lokhu |
| 8 | that | low-, lel-, les-, ley-, lol-, lob-, lokh- (o, aya, iya, uya) |
| 9 | here | lapha |
| 10 | there | lapho |
| 11 | who | ubani (interrogative) |
| 12 | what | -ni, yini (interrogative) |
| 13 | where | -phi (interrogative) |
| 14 | when | nini |
| 15 | how | kanjani, ngani |
| 16 | not | a-, ... |
| 17 | all | -onke |
| 18 | many | -ningi |
| 19 | some | -nye |
| 20 | few | -mbalwa |
| 21 | other | -nye |
| 22 | one | -dwa |
| 23 | two | -bili |
| 24 | three | -thathu |
| 25 | four | -ne |
| 26 | five | -hlanu |
| 27 | big | -khulu |
| 28 | long | -de |
| 29 | wide | -banzi |
| 30 | thick | |
| 31 | heavy | -nzima |
| 32 | small | -ncane |
| 33 | short | -fuphi |
| 34 | narrow | |
| 35 | thin | -ondile |
| 36 | woman | umfazi |
| 37 | man (adult male) | umlisa |
| 38 | man (human being) | umuntu |
| 39 | child | umntwana |
| 40 | wife | unkosikazi |
| 41 | husband | umyeni |
| 42 | mother | umama |
| 43 | father | ubaba |
| 44 | animal | isilwane |
| 45 | fish | inhlanzi, ufishi |
| 46 | bird | inyoni |
| 47 | dog | inja |
| 48 | louse | |
| 49 | snake | inyoka |
| 50 | worm | |
| 51 | tree | isihlahla, umuthi |
| 52 | forest | ihlathi |
| 53 | stick | induku, uthi |
| 54 | fruit | isithelo |
| 55 | seed | inhlamvu |
| 56 | leaf | ikhasi, iqabi |
| 57 | root | |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | |
| 59 | flower | imbali |
| 60 | grass | utshani |
| 61 | rope | intambo |
| 62 | skin | |
| 63 | meat | inyama |
| 64 | blood | igazi |
| 65 | bone | ithambo |
| 66 | fat (noun) | amafutha |
| 67 | egg | iqanda |
| 68 | horn | uphondo |
| 69 | tail | umsila |
| 70 | feather | uphaphe |
| 71 | hair | unwele |
| 72 | head | ikhanda |
| 73 | ear | indlebe |
| 74 | eye | iso, ihlo |
| 75 | nose | ikhala |
| 76 | mouth | umlomo |
| 77 | tooth | izinyo |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | ulimi |
| 79 | fingernail | uzipho |
| 80 | foot | unyawo |
| 81 | leg | umlenze |
| 82 | knee | idolo |
| 83 | hand | isandla |
| 84 | wing | iphiko |
| 85 | belly | |
| 86 | guts | |
| 87 | neck | intamo |
| 88 | back | umhlane |
| 89 | breast | ibele |
| 90 | heart | inhliziyo |
| 91 | liver | |
| 92 | to drink | -phuza |
| 93 | to eat | -dla |
| 94 | to bite | -luma |
| 95 | to suck | -munca, -ncela |
| 96 | to spit | |
| 97 | to vomit | -phalaza |
| 98 | to blow | -vunguza |
| 99 | to breathe | -phefumula |
| 100 | to laugh | -hleka |
| 101 | to see | -bona |
| 102 | to hear | -zwa |
| 103 | to know | -azi |
| 104 | to think | -cabanga |
| 105 | to smell | -zwa |
| 106 | to fear | -esaba, -saba |
| 107 | to sleep | -lala |
| 108 | to live | -phila |
| 109 | to die | -fa |
| 110 | to kill | -bulala, -fisa |
| 111 | to fight | -lwa |
| 112 | to hunt | -zingela |
| 113 | to hit | -shaya |
| 114 | to cut | -sika, -nquma |
| 115 | to split | -dabula |
| 116 | to stab | -gwaza |
| 117 | to scratch | -klwebha |
| 118 | to dig | -mba |
| 119 | to swim | -bhukuda |
| 120 | to fly | -ndiza |
| 121 | to walk | -hamba |
| 122 | to come | -za |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | -cambalala (state) |
| 124 | to sit | -hlala (action), -hleli, hlezi (state) |
| 125 | to stand | -sukuma (action), -ma (state) |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | -jika, -guquka, -phenduka |
| 127 | to fall | -wa |
| 128 | to give | -nika, -nikeza, -pha |
| 129 | to hold | -phatha, -bamba |
| 130 | to squeeze | -cindezela |
| 131 | to rub | |
| 132 | to wash | -geza, -hlamba |
| 133 | to wipe | -sula |
| 134 | to pull | -donsa |
| 135 | to push | -sunduza |
| 136 | to throw | -phosa |
| 137 | to tie | -bopha |
| 138 | to sew | -thunga |
| 139 | to count | -bala |
| 140 | to say | -thi |
| 141 | to sing | -cula, -hlabelela, -huba |
| 142 | to play | -dlala |
| 143 | to float | |
| 144 | to flow | -gobhoza |
| 145 | to freeze | |
| 146 | to swell | -vuvukala |
| 147 | sun | ilanga |
| 148 | moon | inyanga |
| 149 | star | imbasa, inkanyezi |
| 150 | water | amanzi |
| 151 | rain | imvula |
| 152 | river | umfula |
| 153 | lake | ichibi |
| 154 | sea | ulwandle |
| 155 | salt | usawoti |
| 156 | stone | itshe |
| 157 | sand | isihlabathi |
| 158 | dust | |
| 159 | earth | umhlaba |
| 160 | cloud | ifu |
| 161 | fog | inkungu |
| 162 | sky | izulu |
| 163 | wind | umoya |
| 164 | snow | |
| 165 | ice | iqhwa |
| 166 | smoke | intuthu |
| 167 | fire | umlilo |
| 168 | ash | umlotha |
| 169 | to burn | -sha |
| 170 | road | umgwaqo, umgwaqana |
| 171 | mountain | intaba |
| 172 | red | -bomvu |
| 173 | green | -luhlaza |
| 174 | yellow | -liphuzi, -ncombo |
| 175 | white | -mhlophe |
| 176 | black | -mnyama |
| 177 | night | ubusuku |
| 178 | day | ilanga, umuhla, usuku |
| 179 | year | unyaka |
| 180 | warm | -fudumele |
| 181 | cold | -makhaza |
| 182 | full | -gcwele |
| 183 | new | -sha |
| 184 | old | -dala |
| 185 | good | -hle |
| 186 | bad | -bi |
| 187 | rotten | |
| 188 | dirty | -ngcolile |
| 189 | straight | -qondile |
| 190 | round | |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | -bukhali |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | -buthuntu |
| 193 | smooth | |
| 194 | wet | -manzi, -nethile |
| 195 | dry | -omile |
| 196 | correct | |
| 197 | near | eduze |
| 198 | far | kude |
| 199 | right | kwesokudla |
| 200 | left | kwesokunxele |
| 201 | at | e-, o- |
| 202 | in | e-, ku-, o- |
| 203 | with | na-, kanye na- |
| 204 | and | na-, futhi |
| 205 | if | uma |
| 206 | because | ngoba, njengoba, njengokuba |
| 207 | name | igama |
Orthography :
- The words preceded by a hyphen (-) are radicals of a verb or an adjective; various prefixes may be used, as requested by the noun class system of the Zulu language.
See also
Bibliography
- Les langages de l'humanité (Michel Malherbe), Robert Laffont, Paris 1995 - ISBN 2-221-05947-6
External links
| Swadesh lists |
|---|
| Afrikaans – Antillean Creole – Bangala – Bashkir – Basque – Belarusian – Breton – Bulgarian (t) – Catalan – Croatian – Czech – Danish – Dutch – Egyptian Arabic (p) – Estonian – Finnish – French (p) – Frisian – Friulian – Georgian (t,p) – German (p) – Greek (p) – Guarani – Haïtian Creole – Hausa – Hindi (t) – Hungarian – Icelandic – Indonesian – Irish Gaelic – Italian (p) – Japanese (t) – Latvian – Lingala – Lithuanian – Macedonian (t) – Malagasy – Malay – Mandarin Chinese (t) – Polish (p) – Portuguese (p) – Quechua – Romanian – Russian (p) – Scottish Gaelic – Serbo-Croatian – Slovenian – Spanish (Castilian) (p) – Sranan – Swahili – Swedish – Tagalog – Tajik (t) – Tahitian – Turkish – Vietnamese – Zulu |
| The list may also include : (t) the transcription in latin characters, (p) the phonetic transcription |
From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Original article here. Support Wikipedia by contributing or donating.
All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License See Wikipedia Copyrights for details.